Anorexia Nervosa Other psychiatric disorders with disturbed appetite or food intake include depression, somatization disorder, and schizophrenia.
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Can anorexia be misdiagnosed?
The differential diagnoses of anorexia nervosa (AN) includes various types of medical and psychological conditions, which may be misdiagnosed as AN. In some cases, these conditions may be comorbid with AN because the misdiagnosis of AN is not uncommon.
What disorders are comorbid with anorexia?
The eating disorders anorexia nervosa and bulimia nervosa present with comorbidity in a number of important areas, including depression, bipolar disorder, anxiety disorders (obsessive-compulsive disorder, panic disorder, social anxiety disorder and other phobias, and post-traumatic stress disorder) and substance abuse.
What is the nursing diagnosis for anorexia?
Nursing Diagnosis Nursing diagnoses for clients with eating disorders include the following: Imbalanced nutrition: less than body requirements related to purging or excessive use of laxatives. Ineffective coping related to inability to meet basic needs. Disturbed body image related to being excessively underweight.
What other diseases can anorexia cause?
Anorexia is associated with bone health issues. This can include osteopenia, fractures, osteoporosis, and more. The longer a person lives with anorexia, the more severe these problems will be. Additionally, some bone loss stemming from anorexia can be irreversible.
What are the three essential diagnostic features of anorexia nervosa?
- Restriction of calorie consumption leading to weight loss or a failure to gain weight resulting in a significantly low body weight based on that person’s age, sex, height and stage of growth.
- Intense fear of gaining weight or becoming “fat.”
- Having a distorted view of themselves and their condition.
What is comorbid diagnosis?
Comorbidities are more than one disorder in the same person. For example, if a person is diagnosed with both social anxiety disorder (SAD) and major depressive disorder (MDD), they are said to have comorbid (meaning co-existing) anxiety and depressive disorders.
Which is a characteristic of an individual who suffers from anorexia nervosa?
Anorexia Nervosa is characterized by the National Institute of Mental Illness as individuals that have “a significant and persistent reduction in food intake leading to extremely low body weight; a relentless pursuit of thinness; a distortion of body image and intense fear of gaining weight; and extremely disturbed …
Can u have anorexia and bulimia at the same time?
One-third of those with an intake diagnosis of anorexia nervosa experienced crossover to bulimia nervosa; while crossover from restricting-type anorexia nervosa to bulimia nervosa was unlikely, just over one-half of those with an intake diagnosis of binge eating/purging-type anorexia nervosa experienced crossover to …
What is the pathophysiology of anorexia?
Patients with anorexia nervosa have altered brain function and structure there are deficits in neurotransmitters dopamine (eating behavior and reward) and serotonin (impulse control and neuroticism), differential activation of the corticolimbic system (appetite and fear), and diminished activity among the …
What is an appropriate goal for a client with anorexia nervosa?
Building toward a healthy weight. During this process, the patient’s issues with food, incorrect perceptions about health and body image, and the behaviors exhibited toward food are addressed so they can maintain healthy weight on their own when they return home.
Which medical complications are associated with the diagnosis of bulimia nervosa?
Bulimia nervosa can lead to a variety of general medical complications, including metabolic alkalosis, dehydration, constipation, and cardiac arrhythmias.
Which of the following can co exist with anorexia nervosa?
Three common personality disorders that may accompany anorexia and bulimia include Histrionic Personality Disorder, Borderline Personality Disorder, and Obsessive-Compulsive Personality Disorder.
What is the most common medical complication of anorexia?
Cardiac. Bradycardia (pulse <60) and hypotension are among the most common physical findings in patients with anorexia nervosa, with bradycardia seen in up to 95% of patients.
What other disorders might occur along with anorexia nervosa name at least four?
Borderline, obsessive-compulsive, and avoidant personality disorders are some of the most common types of personality disorders diagnosed in people with anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, or binge-eating disorder.
What are 3 health risks associated with anorexia?
- Anemia.
- Heart problems, such as mitral valve prolapse, abnormal heart rhythms or heart failure.
- Bone loss (osteoporosis), increasing the risk of fractures.
- Loss of muscle.
- In females, absence of a period.
- In males, decreased testosterone.
- Gastrointestinal problems, such as constipation, bloating or nausea.
What is the main difference between anorexia and anorexia nervosa?
“Anorexia” describes a simple inability or aversion to eating, whether caused by a medical problem or a mental health issue. “Anorexia nervosa,” however, is the name for the clinical eating disorder, the main symptom of which is self-starvation.
What are three long term effects of anorexia?
- Bone weakening (osteoporosis).
- Anemia.
- Seizures.
- Thyroid problems.
- Lack of vitamins and minerals.
- Low potassium levels in the blood.
- Decrease in white blood cells.
- Amenorrhea (absence of menstruation in females).
What are 4 characteristics of anorexia nervosa?
Anorexia nervosa is characterized by emaciation, a relentless pursuit of thinness and unwillingness to maintain a normal or healthy weight, a distortion of body image and intense fear of gaining weight, a lack of menstruation among girls and women, and extremely disturbed eating behavior.
What is the diagnostic criteria for anorexia?
To be diagnosed with anorexia nervosa according to the DSM-5, the following criteria must be met: Restriction of energy intake relative to requirements leading to a significantly low body weight in the context of age, sex, developmental trajectory, and physical health.
What are two subtypes of anorexia nervosa?
There are two subtypes of anorexia nervosa known as the restricting type and the bing-eating/purging type. Most individuals associate anorexia with the restricting subtype, which is characterized by the severe limitation of food as the primary means to lose weight.
What are 2 comorbidities?
Heart conditions (such as heart failure, coronary artery disease, or cardiomyopathies) HIV. Mental health disorders (mood disorders including depression, schizophrenia spectrum disorders) Neurologic conditions (dementia)
What are examples comorbidities?
Examples include diabetes, heart disease, high blood pressure (hypertension), psychiatric disorders, or substance abuse. Comorbidities tend to increase a person’s need for health care and the cost of care while decreasing the person’s ability to function in the world.
What are the most common comorbid psychological disorders?
In their sample, the most common comorbid anxiety disorders were social anxiety disorder (SAD) (33%), specific phobia (SP) (13.7%), PTSD (13.4%), GAD (15%), and PD/A (14.2%) [15]. Furthermore, symptoms of insomnia and hypersomnia have also been consistently present with anxiety disorders and MDD [26-30].
What personality traits do people with eating disorders have?
Personality traits commonly associated with eating disorder (ED) are high perfectionism, impulsivity, harm avoidance, reward dependence, sensation seeking, neuroticism, and obsessive-compulsiveness in combination with low self-directedness, assertiveness, and cooperativeness [8-11].