Becker et al (2002): Eating behaviours and attitudes following prolonged exposure to TV among ethnic Fijian adolescent girls. AIM. To investigate the effect of prolonged exposure of TV on attitudes to eating and eating behaviours in Fijian adolescent girls.
How does operant conditioning explain anorexia?
Operant Conditioning suggests people will lose weight if they are praised for their slimness or find people are attracted to them more. This is positive reinforcement and it may lead to anorexia if it goes too far.
What does mantra stand for anorexia?
MANTRA stands for the Maudsley Model of Anorexia Nervosa Treatment for Adults and is a NICE (National Institute for Health and Care Excellence) recommended treatment of anorexia. Whilst it is a relatively new treatment, it has proved to be a highly effective and tailored therapy.
Is anorexia a psychosomatic disorder?
It is known in scientific literature that anorexia nervosa (AN) is a psychosomatic condition [1–3]. Some authors have recently highlighted the role of several factors like alexithymia [4], emotion and anger dyscontrol [5], and somatization [6] in both development and maintenance of the disorder.
Do role models influence anorexia?
In relation to anorexia nervosa, important role models might be mothers, peers or celebrities in the media. Research has shown that mothers who complain about their weight are more likely to have children who have their own weight concerns.
What is persistent anorexia?
Eating Behavior and the Persistence of Anorexia Nervosa Individuals with anorexia nervosa achieve and maintain a significantly low body weight primarily by dieting and, in a significant fraction of individuals, by engaging in excessive physical activity.
What is Maudsley approach?
The Maudsley Method, also known as Family-Based Treatment, can be characterized by an intensive outpatient treatment where parents are integrated as an active and positive role. The primary purposes of including parents in this approach are to incorporate and encourage participation in their child’s recovery journey.
What is enhanced CBT?
Enhanced cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT-E) is a type of talk therapy that helps with a variety of mental health conditions. It is an individualized treatment based on your personal situation and preferences. CBT addresses how the combination of thoughts, feelings, and behaviors contribute to your eating disorders.
What is mantra training?
MANTRA is a structured individual psychotherapy with integrated carer support for adults with anorexia nervosa, and is one of three NICE-recommended therapies to be used as a first-line treatment for anorexia nervosa.
What was the Fiji study?
The Fiji experiment revealed how the introduction of television led to a shift in attitudes, behaviours and values within the Vitu Levu community. This famous naturalistic experiment studied teenage girls, age 17 on average, to see if the introduction of television in Fiji led to disordered eating.
What type of study was Becker et al?
THE CONTEMPORARY STUDY: TELEVISION & EATING DISORDERS IN FIJI. This study was carried out by an anthropologist, Dr Anne Becker. Anthropology is the study of other cultures so it has many similarities with psychology. Becker wanted to investigate the link between TV and the growth of eating disorders.
When was television introduced to the island of Fiji?
Fiji had a much later exposure to television media than we’ve experienced in the United States. In fact, the nation didn’t even have electricity until 1985. In 1995, Western programming, similar to the prime-time network TV shows we watch nightly, was introduced to the nation.
Do most models have eating disorder?
Key estimates that about 20% to 40% of fashion models are currently experiencing an eating disorder.
Social Learning Theory attributes the etiology of eating disorders to the emphasis placed on thinness in Western society. Women often receive positive attention for being thin, or even for attempting weight loss. This attention then serves as reinforcement of the thin-ideal (Levine & Smolak, 2001).
What is vicarious reinforcement?
Vicarious reinforcement occurs when (a) an individual observes another person (a model) behave in a certain way and experience a consequence perceived as desirable by the observer, and (b) as a result, the observer behaves as the model did.
What is the life expectancy for anorexia?
5-10% of anorexics die within 10 years after contracting the disease and 18-20% of anorexics will be dead after 20 years. Anorexia nervosa has the highest death rate of any psychiatric illness (including major depression).
Which eating disorder is the most serious?
Experts consider anorexia nervosa to be the most deadly of all mental illnesses because it has the highest mortality rate. For this reason, we can consider it to be the most severe of the 12 types of eating disorders.
How long does anorexia last on average?
How long do eating disorders last? Research carried out in Australia suggests that the average duration of anorexia is eight years and five years for bulimia. However, these illnesses can also become severe and enduring, lasting for many years and having a hugely debilitating effect on the sufferers and their families.
What is the best kind of psychotherapy for patients with anorexia nervosa?
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) has been successful in treating several different conditions and is often used for eating disorder recovery. In simplest terms, CBT can be understood as a type of talk therapy.
Why is Prozac used for bulimia?
Prozac has proven to reduce binge-purge cycles in bulimia. Antidepressant medicines may reduce episodes of binge eating in those who have binge eating disorder, and they may help with related depression or anxiety. Antidepressants regulate brain chemicals that control mood.
Which of the following is considered to be the core feature of anorexia nervosa?
The core psychological feature of anorexia nervosa is the extreme overvaluation of shape and weight. People with anorexia also have the physical capacity to tolerate extreme self imposed weight loss. Food restriction is only one aspect of the practices used to lose weight.
What interventions are effective for individuals with anorexia?
For anorexia nervosa, the family approach showed greater effectiveness. Other effective approaches were interpersonal psychotherapy, dialectic behavioral therapy, support therapy and self-help manuals.
What is aversion theory?
Aversion therapy is a type of behavioral therapy that involves repeat pairing an unwanted behavior with discomfort. 1 For example, a person undergoing aversion therapy to stop smoking might receive an electrical shock every time they view an image of a cigarette.
What is DBT therapy?
Dialectical behaviour therapy (DBT) is a type of talking therapy. It’s based on cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT), but it’s specially adapted for people who feel emotions very intensely. The aim of DBT is to help you: Understand and accept your difficult feelings.
Which mantra is powerful for education?
Saraswati Mantra is also known as Vidya Mantra because its regular recitation is believed to remove all hurdles which one may encounter in attaining education and knowledge.